BOLALAR O'YIN FOLKLORI TARKIBIDAGI SATIRIK KOMPONENT: RUS-O'ZBEK PARALLELLARI.

KIRISH: bolalar o'yin folklori xalq madaniyati tizimida muhim o'rin tutadi. U og'zaki ijodning turli shakllarini o'z ichiga oladi: sanoq qofiyalari, ritmlar, o'yin qo'shiqlari, bolalar qofiyalari va hazil dialoglari. Bu janrlar nafaqat ko'ngilochar funksiyani bajaradi, balki bolalarning dunyoni idrok etish xususiyatlarini, ijtimoiy munosabatlarni va xalq pedagogikasi elementlarini ham aks ettiradi. Bolalar o'yin folklorining muhim xususiyatlaridan biri bu satirik va hazil unsurlarining mavjudligidir. Hazillar, istehzo va hazil orqali bolalar atrofdagi dunyoga o'z munosabatlarini bildiradilar, xulq-atvor kamchiliklarini masxara qiladilar va ijtimoiy o'zaro ta'sir ko'nikmalarini rivojlantiradilar. Rus va oʻzbek bolalar oʻyin folkloridagi satirik elementlarning qiyosiy oʻrganilishi alohida qiziqish uygʻotadi, bu bizga umumiy va milliy xususiyatlarni aniqlash imkonini beradi. MAQSAD: ushbu tadqiqotning maqsadi bolalar oʻyin folklori tuzilishidagi satirik komponentning xususiyatlarini aniqlash va rus va oʻzbek folklori namunalarini qiyosiy tahlil qilishdir. MATERIALLAR VA USULLAR: tadqiqot materialida rus va oʻzbek bolalar oʻyin folklori namunalari: sanab qoʻyiladigan qofiyalar, tizerlar, oʻyin qoʻshiqlari va qisqa folklor matnlari mavjud edi. Tadqiqotda qiyosiy tahlil, folklor va madaniy tadqiqotlar hamda matn tahlili usullari qoʻllanilgan. NATIJALAR VA MUHOKAMA: tadqiqot shuni aniqladiki, satirik element rus va oʻzbek anʼanalarida bolalar oʻyin folklorining muhim qismidir. Rus tizerlari va sanab qofiyalari koʻpincha yumshoq masxara, tashqi koʻrinish, xulq-atvor yoki xarakter xususiyatlarini nishonga oladi. Shunga oʻxshash elementlarni oʻzbek bolalar folklorida ham kuzatish mumkin, bu yerda bolalar tengdoshlariga va atrofdagi dunyoga boʻlgan munosabatlarini hazil va istehzo orqali ifodalaydilar. Umumiy xususiyatlarga qofiya, ritm, takrorlash va o'ynoqi vaziyatlardan foydalanish kiradi. Shu bilan birga, milliy xususiyatlar lug'at, tasvirlar va madaniy voqeliklarda yaqqol ko'rinadi. Satirik komponent nafaqat ko'ngilochar, balki ta'limiy maqsadlarga ham xizmat qiladi, bolalarning hazil tuyg'usini, tanqidiy fikrlashni va muloqot qobiliyatlarini rivojlantirishga yordam beradi. XULOSA: shunday qilib, satirik komponent bolalar o'ynoqi folklori tuzilishida muhim rol o'ynaydi. Rus va o'zbek misollarining qiyosiy tahlili umumiy tipologik xususiyatlarni ham, milliy va madaniy xususiyatlarni ham ochib beradi. Bolalar folkloridagi satirik elementlar bolalarning ijtimoiylashuviga, muloqot qobiliyatlarini rivojlantirishga va axloqiy qadriyatlarni shakllantirishga hissa qo'shadi.

INTRODUCTION: children’s play folklore occupies an important place in the system of folk culture. It includes various forms of children’s oral creativity such as counting-out rhymes, teasing rhymes, game songs, humorous sayings, and playful dialogues. These genres not only perform an entertaining function but also reflect children’s perception of the world, social relations, and elements of folk pedagogy. One of the important features of children’s play folklore is the presence of satirical and humorous elements. Through jokes, irony, and teasing, children express their attitudes toward the surrounding world, mock behavioral shortcomings, and develop skills of social interaction. A comparative study of satirical elements in Russian and Uzbek children’s play folklore is of particular interest, as it allows the identification of both common and nationally specific features. AIM: the purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of the satirical component in the structure of children’s play folklore and to conduct a comparative analysis of Russian and Uzbek folklore examples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the research materials include examples of Russian and Uzbek children’s play folklore such as counting-out rhymes, teasing rhymes, game songs, and short folklore texts. The study uses comparative analysis, folkloristic and cultural research methods, as well as textual analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: the study revealed that the satirical element is an important component of children’s play folklore in both Russian and Uzbek traditions. In Russian teasing rhymes and counting-out rhymes, gentle mockery aimed at appearance, behavior, or character traits is often found. Similar elements are observed in Uzbek children’s folklore, where through humor and irony children express their attitudes toward their peers and surrounding reality. Common features include the use of rhyme, rhythm, repetition, and playful situations. At the same time, national characteristics are reflected in vocabulary, imagery, and cultural realities. The satirical component performs not only an entertaining but also an educational function, contributing to the development of children’s sense of humor, critical thinking, and communication skills. CONCLUSION: thus, the satirical component plays a significant role in the structure of children’s play folklore. A comparative analysis of Russian and Uzbek examples reveals both common typological features and national-cultural characteristics. Satirical elements in children’s folklore contribute to children’s socialization, the development of communicative skills, and the formation of moral values.