MARKAZIY OSIYODA XIV-XVIII ASRLARDA OLIMA AYOLLARNING DAVLAT HOKIMIYATI VA BOSHQARUVIGA TA’SIRI

KIRISH: maqolada XIV–XVIII asrlarda Markaziy Osiyoda olima ayollarning davlat hokimiyati va boshqaruviga ta’siri masalasi ilmiy jihatdan tahlil etilgan. Ushbu davrda ayollarning ilm-fan, siyosat va madaniyatdagi o‘rni tarixiy manbalar asosida yoritilgan. MAQSAD: markaziy Osiyoda olima ayollarning davlat boshqaruvidagi o‘rni va ularning siyosiy hamda ilmiy jarayonlarga ta’sirini aniqlash va baholash. MATERIALLAR VA METODLAR: tadqiqot jarayonida tarixiy manbalar, ilmiy adabiyotlar va zamonaviy tadqiqotlar asosida tahliliy-sintez, qiyosiy va tarixiy yondashuv usullaridan foydalanildi. MUHOKAMA VA NATIJA: tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, olima ayollar ko‘pincha davlat boshqaruvida bevosita emas, balki o‘z yaqinlari orqali ishtirok etganlar. Ular siyosiy maslahatchi sifatida muhim rol o‘ynab, ilm-fan va madaniyat rivojiga sezilarli hissa qo‘shganlar. Ayrim tarixiy shaxslar, xususan, Sayyida Xonim kabi ayollar davlat siyosatiga bevosita ta’sir ko‘rsatgan. XULOSA: XIV–XVIII asrlarda Markaziy Osiyoda ayollarning ilmiy va siyosiy faoliyati jamiyat taraqqiyotida muhim o‘rin tutgan. Ularning davlat boshqaruvidagi roli yetarlicha o‘rganilmagan bo‘lsa-da, mavjud manbalar bu ta’sirning sezilarli ekanligini ko‘rsatadi.

INTRODUCTION: this article examines the influence of learned women on state power and governance in Central Asia during the 14th–18th centuries. Their role in science, politics, and culture is analyzed based on historical sources. PURPOSE: to identify and evaluate the role of learned women in state administration and their impact on political and scientific processes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the study is based on historical sources, academic literature, and modern research. Analytical synthesis, comparative, and historical methods were employed. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: the findings indicate that women often participated in governance indirectly through their husbands or sons. They played significant roles as political advisors and contributed greatly to scientific and cultural development. Certain figures, such as Sayyida Khanim, had a direct influence on political affairs. CONCLUSION: in the 14th–18th centuries, women’s scientific and political activities played an important role in societal development in Central Asia. Although still under-researched, available sources confirm their substantial influence.