TEXNIKA OLIY TA’LIMIDA NAZARIY MEXANIKA MA’RUZALARINING DIDAKTIK FUNKSIYALARI VA ULARNI ZAMONAVIY PEDAGOGIK TEXNOLOGIYALAR ASOSIDA TAKOMILLASHTIRISH

KIRISH: hozirgi kunda texnika oliy ta’lim muassasalarida o‘quv jarayonini takomillashtirish, talabalarning nazariy bilimlarini chuqurlashtirish va amaliy ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirish dolzarb masalalardan biri hisoblanadi. Ayniqsa, nazariy mexanika fani muhandislik ta’limining asosiy komponentlaridan biri bo‘lib, talabalar uchun murakkab tushunchalar, qonuniyatlar va matematik modellarni o‘z ichiga oladi. Shu sababli, mazkur fan bo‘yicha ma’ruzalarni samarali tashkil etish katta ahamiyat kasb etadi. Nazariy mexanika ma’ruzalari nafaqat bilim berish, balki talabalarni mantiqiy fikrlashga, muammoli vaziyatlarni hal etishga va nazariy bilimlarni amaliyot bilan bog‘lashga o‘rgatadi. Zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalarni qo‘llash esa ushbu jarayonni yanada samarali tashkil etish imkonini beradi. MAQSAD: tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi — texnika oliy ta’limida nazariy mexanika ma’ruzalarining didaktik funksiyalarini aniqlash va ularni zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalar asosida takomillashtirish yo‘llarini ishlab chiqishdan iborat. MATERIALLAR VA METODLAR: mazkur tadqiqotda pedagogik kuzatuv, tahlil, taqqoslash, tajriba-sinov, suhbat va so‘rovnoma metodlaridan foydalanildi. Tadqiqot materiali sifatida texnika oliy ta’lim muassasalarida o‘qitilayotgan nazariy mexanika faniga oid o‘quv dasturlari, dars ishlanmalari, ma’ruza matnlari hamda talabalarning o‘zlashtirish ko‘rsatkichlari olindi. Tajriba jarayonida an’anaviy va zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalar asosida tashkil etilgan ma’ruzalar qiyosiy tahlil qilindi. Zamonaviy yondashuv sifatida multimedia vositalari, interaktiv metodlar, muammoli ta’lim, “aqliy hujum”, modellashtirish va vizualizatsiya usullaridan foydalanildi. NATIJA VA MUHOKAMA: tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, nazariy mexanika ma’ruzalarining asosiy didaktik funksiyalari — bilim berish, rivojlantiruvchi, tarbiyaviy va motivatsion funksiyalar hisoblanadi. An’anaviy ma’ruzalarda ko‘proq axborot berishga e’tibor qaratilgan bo‘lsa, zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalar asosida tashkil etilgan ma’ruzalarda talabalar faolligi, mustaqil fikrlashi va muammoli vaziyatlarni hal etish qobiliyati sezilarli darajada oshadi. Interaktiv metodlardan foydalanish talabalarni dars jarayoniga jalb etadi, murakkab mexanik tushunchalarni osonroq anglashga yordam beradi. Multimedia vositalari va vizual modellar esa abstrakt tushunchalarni konkretlashtirish imkonini yaratadi. Natijada, talabalar nazariy bilimlarni chuqurroq o‘zlashtiradi va ularni amaliy masalalarda qo‘llash ko‘nikmalariga ega bo‘ladi. Shuningdek, muammoli ta’lim texnologiyasi talabalarni mustaqil izlanishga undaydi, mantiqiy va tanqidiy fikrlashni rivojlantiradi. Bu esa nazariy mexanika fanini o‘zlashtirish samaradorligini oshiradi. XULOSA: o‘tkazilgan tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, nazariy mexanika ma’ruzalarini zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalar asosida tashkil etish ta’lim samaradorligini sezilarli darajada oshiradi. Bu yondashuv talabalarni faollashtiradi, ularning mantiqiy va mustaqil fikrlashini rivojlantiradi hamda nazariy bilimlarni amaliyot bilan bog‘lash imkonini beradi. Shu bois texnika oliy ta’lim muassasalarida nazariy mexanika ma’ruzalarini modernizatsiya qilish, o‘qituvchilarning innovatsion metodlardan foydalanish kompetensiyasini oshirish muhim hisoblanadi.

INTRODUCTION: at present, one of the urgent tasks in technical higher education institutions is to improve the educational process, deepen students’ theoretical knowledge, and develop their practical skills. In particular, the discipline of Theoretical Mechanics is one of the key components of engineering education, encompassing complex concepts, laws, and mathematical models. Therefore, the effective organization of lectures in this subject is of great importance. Lectures on theoretical mechanics perform not only the function of knowledge transmission but also contribute to the development of students’ logical thinking, their ability to solve problem situations, and to connect theoretical knowledge with practice. The application of modern pedagogical technologies makes it possible to organize this process more effectively. AIM: the main objective of the study is to identify the didactic functions of lectures on theoretical mechanics in technical higher education and to develop ways to improve them based on modern pedagogical technologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: in this study, methods such as pedagogical observation, analysis, comparison, experimental work, interviews, and questionnaires were used. The research materials included curricula, teaching materials, lecture texts on theoretical mechanics, and students’ academic performance indicators in technical higher education institutions. During the experiment, a comparative analysis of lectures organized on the basis of traditional and modern pedagogical technologies was conducted. As modern approaches, multimedia tools, interactive methods, problembased learning, brainstorming, modeling, and visualization techniques were applied. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: the results of the study showed that the main didactic functions of lectures on theoretical mechanics are instructional, developmental, educational, and motivational functions. While traditional lectures mainly focus on the transmission of information, lectures organized on the basis of modern pedagogical technologies significantly increase students’ activity, independent thinking, and ability to solve problem situations. The use of interactive methods engages students in the learning process and facilitates the understanding of complex mechanical concepts. Multimedia tools and visual models help to concretize abstract ideas. As a result, students acquire deeper theoretical knowledge and develop skills to apply it in solving practical problems. Moreover, problem-based learning encourages students to engage in independent inquiry and develops logical and critical thinking. This, in turn, enhances the effectiveness of mastering theoretical mechanics. CONCLUSION: the results of the conducted research demonstrated that organizing lectures on theoretical mechanics based on modern pedagogical technologies significantly increases the effectiveness of education. This approach activates students, develops their logical and independent thinking, and promotes the integration of theoretical knowledge with practice. Therefore, in technical higher education institutions, it is important to modernize lectures on theoretical mechanics and improve teachers’ competence in using innovative teaching methods.