VERBAL AGRESSIYANING PSIXOLOGIK SABABLARI VA UNI BARTARAF ETISHDA MILLIY TARBIYA MODELINING O‘RNI

KIRISH: zamonaviy jamiyatda insonlar o‘rtasidagi muloqot jarayonida turli psixologik va ijtimoiy muammolar kuzatilmoqda. Shunday muammolardan biri verbal agressiya hisoblanadi. Verbal agressiya – bu shaxsning boshqa insonlarga nisbatan so‘z orqali salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatishi, haqorat qilish, tahqirlash, kamsitish yoki keskin tanqid qilish kabi nutqiy xatti-harakatlar orqali namoyon bo‘ladigan agressiv holatdir. Bunday holatlar jamiyatda shaxslararo munosabatlarning yomonlashuviga, psixologik ziddiyatlarning kuchayishiga hamda ijtimoiy muhitning salbiylashuviga olib kelishi mumkin. Ayniqsa yoshlar o‘rtasida verbal agressiya holatlari ko‘payib borayotgani ta’lim tizimi va tarbiya jarayoniga jiddiy e’tibor qaratishni talab etadi. Verbal agressiya ko‘pincha shaxsning psixologik holati, oilaviy muhit, ijtimoiy bosim, stress va kommunikativ madaniyatning yetarli darajada shakllanmaganligi bilan bog‘liq holda yuzaga keladi. Shu nuqtai nazardan, milliy tarbiya modeli yosh avlodda ma’naviy qadriyatlarni shakllantirish, hurmat, bag‘rikenglik, muloqot madaniyati va ijtimoiy mas’uliyatni rivojlantirish orqali verbal agressiyaning oldini olishda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Milliy tarbiya tizimi xalqning tarixiy, madaniy va axloqiy qadriyatlariga asoslanib, shaxs kamolotini ta’minlashga xizmat qiladi. MAQSAD: mazkur tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi verbal agressiyaning psixologik sabablarini ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilish hamda uni bartaraf etishda milliy tarbiya modelining pedagogik va psixologik imkoniyatlarini aniqlashdan iborat. Tadqiqot jarayonida quyidagi vazifalarni amalga oshirish ko‘zda tutiladi: verbal agressiya tushunchasining psixologik mohiyatini ochib berish; verbal agressiyaning kelib chiqishiga ta’sir etuvchi psixologik va ijtimoiy omillarni aniqlash; yoshlar o‘rtasida verbal agressiyaning namoyon bo‘lish shakllarini tahlil qilish; milliy tarbiya modelining shaxs kamolotidagi o‘rnini ilmiy asoslash; milliy tarbiya vositalari orqali verbal agressiyani kamaytirish va profilaktika qilish imkoniyatlarini aniqlash. MATERIALLAR VA METODLAR: mazkur tadqiqotni amalga oshirish jarayonida pedagogika, psixologiya hamda ijtimoiy fanlar sohasida qo‘llaniladigan zamonaviy ilmiy tadqiqot metodlaridan kompleks tarzda foydalanildi. Tadqiqotning ilmiy asoslanganligini ta’minlash maqsadida nazariy, empirik hamda tahliliy metodlar uyg‘un holda qo‘llanildi. Birinchidan, ilmiy-nazariy adabiyotlarni tahlil qilish metodi qo‘llanildi. Ushbu metod orqali verbal agressiya fenomenining psixologik mohiyati, uning shakllanish mexanizmlari hamda shaxslararo muloqot jarayonidagi namoyon bo‘lish xususiyatlari o‘rganildi. Psixologiya, pedagogika, sotsiologiya va kommunikatsiya nazariyasiga oid ilmiy manbalar, monografiyalar, ilmiy maqolalar hamda xalqaro tadqiqot natijalari tahlil qilindi. Shuningdek, milliy tarbiya konsepsiyasi, ma’naviy-axloqiy qadriyatlar va tarbiyaviy yondashuvlarga oid nazariy qarashlar ham o‘rganildi. Ikkinchidan, taqqoslash va komparativ tahlil metodi orqali turli ilmiy manbalarda verbal agressiya muammosining yoritilishi, uning sabab va oqibatlari hamda uni bartaraf etish usullari o‘zaro solishtirildi. Bu metod yordamida milliy tarbiya tizimining ijtimoiy va psixologik muammolarni hal etishdagi o‘rni ham ilmiy jihatdan baholandi. Uchinchidan, psixologik-pedagogik kuzatish metodi qo‘llanilib, yoshlar o‘rtasidagi muloqot jarayonlari bevosita kuzatildi. Kuzatish jarayonida verbal agressiyaning turli shakllari – keskin nutq, haqoratli iboralar, salbiy tanqid, kinoya va tahqirlovchi so‘zlarning qo‘llanilishi tahlil qilindi. Bu metod orqali shaxslararo munosabatlarda yuzaga keladigan psixologik ziddiyatlar hamda ularning kommunikativ madaniyat bilan bog‘liqligi aniqlashtirildi. To‘rtinchidan, so‘rovnoma va suhbat metodlari yordamida yoshlar, talaba-yoshlar hamda pedagoglar o‘rtasida verbal agressiya muammosi bo‘yicha fikr-mulohazalar o‘rganildi. So‘rovnomalar orqali respondentlarning muloqot madaniyati, stress darajasi, ijtimoiy muhit ta’siri hamda milliy qadriyatlarga munosabati tahlil qilindi. Suhbatlar orqali esa verbal agressiyaning kelib chiqishiga sabab bo‘ladigan psixologik omillar haqida qo‘shimcha ma’lumotlar to‘plandi. Beshinchidan, psixologik tahlil metodi orqali verbal agressiyaning shaxs ruhiy holati, emotsional zo‘riqish, stress, ijtimoiy bosim hamda individual psixologik xususiyatlar bilan bog‘liqligi o‘rganildi. Bu metod verbal agressiya va shaxsning emotsional barqarorligi o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro bog‘liqlikni aniqlashga yordam berdi. Oltinchidan, umumlashtirish va tizimlashtirish metodlari yordamida tadqiqot jarayonida olingan ma’lumotlar ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilindi va umumlashtirildi. Natijada verbal agressiyaning psixologik sabablarini bartaraf etishda milliy tarbiya modelining ahamiyati haqida ilmiy xulosalar ishlab chiqildi. Tadqiqot materiallari sifatida psixologiya, pedagogika va kommunikatsiya nazariyasiga oid ilmiy adabiyotlar, milliy tarbiya konsepsiyasiga doir manbalar, ta’lim tizimida qo‘llanilayotgan tarbiyaviy metodikalar, shuningdek yoshlar o‘rtasidagi muloqot jarayonlariga oid empirik kuzatishlar natijalari tahlil qilindi. Bundan tashqari, ijtimoiy tarmoqlardagi kommunikativ muhit ham o‘rganilib, u yerda uchraydigan verbal agressiya holatlari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilindi. Mazkur metodlarning kompleks qo‘llanilishi tadqiqot natijalarining ilmiy asoslanganligini ta’minlashga hamda verbal agressiya muammosini har tomonlama yoritishga imkon yaratdi. MUHOKAMA VA NATIJALAR: tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, verbal agressiya ko‘p omilli psixologik hodisa bo‘lib, uning kelib chiqishida shaxsning individual psixologik xususiyatlari, oilaviy muhit, ijtimoiy stress, kommunikativ madaniyatning pastligi hamda axborot muhitining salbiy ta’siri muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Ayniqsa, zamonaviy axborot texnologiyalari va ijtimoiy tarmoqlarning keng tarqalishi natijasida yoshlar o‘rtasida muloqot madaniyati o‘zgarib bormoqda. Bu holat ayrim hollarda haqoratli, keskin yoki agressiv nutq shakllarining paydo bo‘lishiga sabab bo‘lmoqda. Tadqiqot shuni ham ko‘rsatdiki, milliy tarbiya modeli verbal agressiyaning oldini olishda muhim pedagogik vosita hisoblanadi. Milliy qadriyatlar, axloqiy me’yorlar, kattalarga hurmat, kichiklarga mehr, bag‘rikenglik va sabr-toqat kabi fazilatlar yosh avlodning ijtimoiy xulqatvorini shakllantirishda muhim ahamiyatga ega. Shuningdek, ta’lim tizimida milliy tarbiya elementlarini keng qo‘llash, kommunikativ madaniyatni rivojlantirishga qaratilgan pedagogik metodlarni joriy etish hamda psixologik treninglar tashkil etish verbal agressiya holatlarini kamaytirishga yordam beradi. XULOSA: tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, verbal agressiya zamonaviy jamiyatda dolzarb psixologik va ijtimoiy muammolardan biri hisoblanadi. Uning kelib chiqishida psixologik, ijtimoiy va kommunikativ omillar muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Verbal agressiyani kamaytirish va uning oldini olishda milliy tarbiya modelining o‘rni katta. Milliy qadriyatlar, axloqiy me’yorlar va madaniy an’analarga asoslangan tarbiya tizimi yoshlar o‘rtasida muloqot madaniyatini shakllantirish, o‘zaro hurmat va bag‘rikenglikni rivojlantirishga xizmat qiladi. Kelajakda verbal agressiya muammosini chuqurroq o‘rganish, uning profilaktikasiga qaratilgan pedagogik va psixologik metodlarni takomillashtirish hamda milliy tarbiya modelini ta’lim jarayoniga yanada keng joriy etish muhim ilmiy va amaliy vazifa hisoblanadi.

INTRODUCTION: in modern society, various psychological and social problems can be observed in the process of communication between people. One of such problems is verbal aggression. Verbal aggression is an aggressive state manifested through negative influence on other individuals by means of speech, such as insulting, humiliating, degrading, or harshly criticizing. Such situations may lead to the deterioration of interpersonal relationships in society, the intensification of psychological conflicts, and the creation of a negative social environment. In particular, the increasing cases of verbal aggression among young people require serious attention to the educational system and the process of upbringing. Verbal aggression often arises due to a person’s psychological condition, family environment, social pressure, stress, and an insufficient level of communicative culture. From this perspective, the model of national upbringing plays an important role in preventing verbal aggression by fostering spiritual values, respect, tolerance, communication culture, and social responsibility among the younger generation. The national upbringing system, based on the historical, cultural, and moral values of the people, serves to ensure the harmonious development of the individual. AIM: the main objective of this study is to scientifically analyze the psychological causes of verbal aggression and to determine the pedagogical and psychological possibilities of the national upbringing model in overcoming it. Within the framework of the study, the following tasks are set: to reveal the psychological essence of the concept of verbal aggression; to identify the psychological and social factors influencing the emergence of verbal aggression; to analyze the forms of manifestation of verbal aggression among young people; to scientifically substantiate the role of the national upbringing model in personality development; to determine the possibilities of reducing and preventing verbal aggression through the means of national upbringing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: during the research process, modern scientific research methods used in pedagogy, psychology, and social sciences were applied in a комплекс manner. In order to ensure the scientific validity of the study, theoretical, empirical, and analytical methods were used in combination. First, the method of analyzing scientific and theoretical literature was applied. Through this method, the psychological essence of the phenomenon of verbal aggression, the mechanisms of its formation, and the characteristics of its manifestation in interpersonal communication were studied. Scientific sources related to psychology, pedagogy, sociology, and communication theory, including monographs, scientific articles, and international research results, were analyzed. In addition, theoretical views related to the concept of national upbringing, moral and ethical values, and educational approaches were also studied. Second, the comparative and comparative-analytical methods were used to compare different scientific approaches to the problem of verbal aggression, its causes, consequences, and ways of overcoming it. This method made it possible to scientifically evaluate the role of the national upbringing system in solving social and psychological problems. Third, the method of psychological and pedagogical observation was used to directly observe communication processes among young people. During the observation process, various forms of verbal aggression—such as harsh speech, offensive expressions, negative criticism, sarcasm, and humiliating statements—were analyzed. This method helped to identify the relationship between psychological conflicts in interpersonal relations and the level of communicative culture. Fourth, survey and interview methods were used to study the opinions of young people, students, and teachers regarding the problem of verbal aggression. Surveys helped analyze respondents’ communication culture, stress levels, the influence of the social environment, and their attitudes toward national values. Interviews provided additional information about the psychological factors contributing to the emergence of verbal aggression. Fifth, the psychological analysis method was used to study the relationship between verbal aggression and a person’s emotional tension, stress, social pressure, and individual psychological characteristics. Sixth, the methods of generalization and systematization were applied to scientifically analyze and summarize the obtained research results. As a result, scientific conclusions were formulated regarding the importance of the national upbringing model in overcoming the psychological causes of verbal aggression. The research materials included scientific literature related to psychology, pedagogy, and communication theory, sources concerning the concept of national upbringing, educational methods used in the education system, as well as empirical observations of communication processes among young people. In addition, the communicative environment of social networks was also examined, where cases of verbal aggression were scientifically analyzed. The comprehensive use of these methods ensured the scientific validity of the research results and allowed for a comprehensive study of the problem of verbal aggression. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: the results of the study showed that verbal aggression is a multifactorial psychological phenomenon in which individual psychological characteristics, family environment, social stress, a low level of communicative culture, and the negative influence of the information environment play an important role. In particular, the widespread use of modern information technologies and social networks has significantly influenced the communication culture of young people. In some cases, this leads to the emergence of offensive, harsh, or aggressive forms of speech. The study also revealed that the national upbringing model serves as an important pedagogical tool for preventing verbal aggression. National values, moral norms, respect for elders, kindness toward younger people, tolerance, and patience play a significant role in shaping the social behavior of the younger generation. Furthermore, the broader application of national upbringing elements in the education system, the introduction of pedagogical methods aimed at developing communicative culture, and the organization of psychological training sessions can help reduce cases of verbal aggression. CONCLUSION: the research results indicate that verbal aggression is one of the pressing psychological and social problems in modern society. Psychological, social, and communicative factors play a significant role in its emergence. The national upbringing model has an important place in reducing and preventing verbal aggression. An upbringing system based on national values, moral norms, and cultural traditions contributes to the development of communication culture, mutual respect, and tolerance among young people. In the future, it is important to conduct deeper research on the problem of verbal aggression, improve pedagogical and psychological methods aimed at its prevention, and more widely introduce the national upbringing model into the educational process.