DIQQAT BUZILISHLARI VA ULARNING PSIXOLOGIK MEXANIZMLARI

Diqqat buzilishlari diqqatni boshqarish, taqsimlash va saqlash jarayonlarining izdan chiqishi bilan tavsiflanadigan kognitiv buzilishlar guruhiga kiradi. Mazkur maqolada ularning psixologik va neyrokognitiv mexanizmlari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotlarga ko‘ra, diqqat bilan bog‘liq buzilishlar bolalarda 5 7% va kattalarda 2–4% uchraydi hamda ular prefrontal korteks faoliyati bilan bog‘liq. Diqqat buzilishiga ega shaxslar selektiv va barqaror diqqat talab qiluvchi vazifalarda 30–40% past natijalar ko‘rsatadi. Shuningdek, stress, axborot ortiqchaligi va uyqu yetishmovchiligi diqqat samaradorligini sezilarli darajada pasaytiradi. O‘tkazilgan amaliyotlarga ko‘ra, zamonaviy raqamli muhit ta’sirida diqqat buzilishlari kelgusi yillarda ortishi mumkin. Bu ko‘rsatgich ayniqsa maktabgacha ta`lim yoshidagi bolalarda ham o‘z tasirini ko`rsatib bormoqda. Tadqiqot natijalari erta diagnostika va kognitiv korreksiya usullarining muhimligini ko‘rsatadi.

Attention disorders belong to a group of cognitive impairments characterized by dysfunctions in attention control, distribution, and maintenance processes. This article analyzes their psychological and neurocognitive mechanisms. According to studies, attention disorders occur in 5 7% of children and 2–4% of adults and are associated with the functioning of the prefrontal cortex. Individuals with attention disorders demonstrate 30–40% lower performance in tasks requiring selective and sustained attention. Additionally, stress, information overload, and sleep deprivation significantly reduce attentional efficiency. Practical observations indicate that attention disorders may increase in the coming years under the influence of the modern digital environment. This trend is particularly noticeable among preschool children. The findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis and cognitive correction methods.