INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK MAQOLLARIDA GENDER STEREOTIPLARI

Ushbu maqolada ingliz va o‘zbek maqollarida gender stereotiplarining til vositalari orqali qanday kodlanishi va ijtimoiy ongda qay tarzda “me’yor” sifatida mustahkamlanishi qiyosiy-typologik yondashuv asosida tadqiq etiladi. Tadqiqot paremiologik birliklarni (maqollarni) lingvokulturologik va diskursiv birlik sifatida ko‘rib, undagi gender obrazlari (erkak/ayol), rollar (oila, mehnat, hokimiyat, axloq), baholash (pozitiv/negativ) hamda metaforik modellarni aniqlashga qaratildi. Kontent-tahlil va semantik maydonlar bo‘yicha kodlash orqali ikkala tildagi maqollarda uchraydigan stereotiplarning umumiy tipologiyasi taklif qilinadi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, o‘zbek maqollarida ayol obrazi ko‘proq “oila markazi, sabr, itoat, nomus/iffat” semantik doirasida normativlashtirilsa, ingliz maqollarida ayolga nisbatan “nutqiy faoliyat (gap-so‘z), hushyorlik/ayyorlik, hissiy beqarorlik” kabi baholovchi ramzlar tez-tez uchraydi; erkak obrazi esa har ikki paremiologik tizimda ‘kuch, mehnat, boshqaruv/mas’uliyat’ bilan bog‘liq ijobiy tarzda asoslantiriladi. Tahlil natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, gender stereotiplari maqollarda nafaqat leksik birliklar orqali, balki bevosita aytilmagan (yashirin) mazmuniy modellar, oldindan faraz qilingan ma’no qatlamlari va metaforik ifodalar orqali ham namoyon bo‘ladi.

: This article examines how gender stereotypes are encoded through linguistic means in English and Uzbek proverbs and how they are reinforced as “norms” in social consciousness based on a comparative-typological approach. The study aimed to identify paremiological units (proverbs) as linguocultural and discursive units and to identify gender images (male/female), roles (family, work, power, morality), evaluations (positive/negative), and metaphorical models in them. Through content analysis and coding by semantic fields, a general typology of stereotypes found in proverbs in both languages is proposed. The results show that while in Uzbek proverbs the image of women is more normative within the semantic framework of “family center, patience, obedience, honor/chastity”, in English proverbs evaluative symbols such as “speech activity (speech), alertness/cunning, emotional instability” are more common in relation to women; The image of a man is positively justified in both paremiological systems in relation to ‘power, labor, management/responsibility’. The results of the analysis showed that gender stereotypes are manifested in proverbs not only through lexical units, but also through implicit (hidden) semantic models, pre-assumed layers of meaning, and metaphorical expressions.