MAKTABGACHA YOSHDAGI BOLALAR FAOLIYATINING XUSUSIYATLARI VA UNING SHAXS RIVOJIDAGI AHAMIYATI

Mazkur maqolada maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalar faoliyatining xususiyatlari hamda uning shaxs rivojidagi ahamiyati ilmiy-nazariy va tahliliy jihatdan yoritilgan. Tadqiqotda faoliyat tushunchasining mazmuni, 3–7 yosh davrida bolaning mustaqil faoliyatining shakllanishi, qiziqish va ehtiyojlarning faoliyat bilan uzviy bog‘liqligi, o‘yin faoliyatining yetakchi o‘rni hamda uning tarbiyaviy imkoniyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Montessori, P.F. Lesgaft, L.N. Tolstoy, A.S. Makarenko va N.M. Aksarina qarashlari asosida maktabgacha yosh davrida shaxs sifatlarining shakllanishida faoliyatning hal qiluvchi roli asoslab beriladi. Maqola maktabgacha ta’lim amaliyotida ta’lim-tarbiya jarayonini samarali tashkil etish uchun ilmiy xulosalar va tavsiyalarni o‘z ichiga oladi.

This article provides a scientific-theoretical and analytical examination of the characteristics of preschool children’s activity and its significance in personality development. The study analyzes the content of the concept of activity, the formation of children’s independent activity in the age range of 3–7 years, the interrelation of interests and needs with activity, the leading role of play activity, and its educational potential. Based on the views of M. Montessori, P. F. Lesgaft, L. N. Tolstoy, A. S. Makarenko, and N. M. Aksarina, the decisive role of activity in the formation of personal qualities in preschool age is substantiated. The article presents scientific conclusions and recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness of the educational process in preschool education.