USING DIFFERENT METHODS FOR TEACHING GRAMMATICAL FEATURES OF ENGLISH INFINITIVE AND GERUND.

FEATURES OF ENGLISH INFINITIVE AND GERUND.

Abrorova Farizabonu Aslam qizi

Student of Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages E-

mail:farizabonuabrorova@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This article explores the basics of infinitives and gerunds, important verb forms in English grammar. Infinitives typically start with "to," while gerunds end in "-ing" and act like nouns. Teaching these concepts involves interactive exercises, role plays, error correction, and real-life examples. By mastering infinitives and gerunds through practical techniques, learners can improve their language skills and communicate more effectively.Key words: Infinitive, gerund, methodology, teaching methods and exercises.

INTRODUCTION

The two most crucial components of English grammar are the infinitive and gerund. When it comes to linguistic expression, infinitives—which are defined as having “to” come before the base verb form—and gerunds—verbs that end in “-ing” and are used as nouns—offer subtleties and diversity. It is essential for learners to comprehend the differences between these forms in order to successfully negotiate linguistic complexities and communicate. Teaching strategies are essential for assisting students in becoming proficient with gerunds and infinitives. To improve students’ understanding and use of these verb forms, teachers might use a variety of techniques, such as interactive exercises, role plays, error correction, comparative analysis, and contextual learning. Teachers can help language learners develop a good command of infinitives and gerunds by addressing issues like use confusion and overgeneralization.

METHODOLOGY

Grammar correctness, expressive variety, and language proficiency all increase with the successful teaching of infinitives and gerunds. Through the implementation of creative and captivating techniques in language education, teachers can enable students to effectively employ gerunds and infinitives, leading to improved language inventiveness and communication abilities. This introduction emphasizes how crucial it is to build full language development and competency by learning gerunds, infinitives, and efficient teaching methods.

1. Interactive Learning Platforms: - Give students practice using gerunds

and infinitives in a variety of circumstances by using interactive internet tools

and platforms.

2. Multisensory Approaches: - Include kinesthetic activities, role plays, and

visual aids to help students comprehend and use gerunds and infinitives.

3. Collaborative Learning: Promote peer instruction, group discussions, and

cooperative projects that require the real-world application of gerunds and

infinitives.

4. Technology Integration: - Use instructional software, multimedia

materials, and language learning apps to create engaging, interactive

experiences with gerunds and infinitives.

5. Real-life Contextualization: - Use examples from actual texts and real-

world circumstances to illustrate the relevance and practical application of

infinitives and gerunds in everyday communication.

RESULTS

The full infinitive is used: • To express purpose. He went to buy some bread. • After would love / like / prefer. I’d love to see you tonight. • After adjectives (angry, glad,happy, sorry, pleased, annoyed, etc.). I’m glad to see you here. • With too or enough. He’s too old to drive. She’s clever enough to understand it. • After certain verbs (advise, agree, appear, decide, expect, forget, hope, manage, offer, promise, refuse, seem, want, etc.). I hope to meet him again. • After question words (where, how, what, who, which). Why is not used with to infinitive. I don’t know what to do. but Nobody knew why he was angry. The bare infinitive is used: • After modal verbs (can, must, etc.). We must leave soon. • After let / make / hear / see + object. My dad lets me use his computer. The -ing form is used: • As a noun. Smoking is dangerous. • After love, like, dislike, hate, enjoy, prefer. I love going to the theatre. • After start, begin, stop, finish. He started doing his homework at 5:00 pm. • After go for physical activities. She went skiing last Sunday. • After certain verbs (avoid, admit, confess to, deny, look forward to, mind, object to, prefer, regret, risk, spend, suggest, etc.). I don’t mind helping you with the dishes. • After the expressions: I’m busy, it’s no use, it’s (no) good, it’s worth, what’s the use of, be used to, there’s no point (in). It’s worth seeing that film. • After prepositions. He left without taking his coat. • After hear, see to describe an incomplete action, that is to say that someone heard, saw only a part of the action. I saw her crossing the street. (I saw her while she was crossing the street. I saw part of the action in progress.) But: hear, see + bare infinitive to describe a complete action that someone heard, saw from beginning to end. I saw her cross the street. (I saw the whole action from beginning to end.) • Help is followed by either the to infinitive or the bare infinitive. She helped me (to) fix the bicycle. • Some verbs can take a full infinitive or the -ing form with no difference in meaning. These verbs are: begin, hate, like, love, prefer, start, etc. He likes to watch / watching the birds. • If the subject of the verb is the same as the subject of the infinitive, then the subject of the infinitive is omitted. If, however, the subject of the verb is different from the subject of the infinitive, then an object pronoun (me, you, him, etc.), a name (Helen) or a noun (the man) is placed before the infinitive. Compare: I want to be back by 10 o’clock. I want him to be back by 10 o'clock.

DISCUSSION

1. The Importance of Gerunds and Infinitives in Language Acquisition

1. Effective Communication: Being able to express intentions, actions, and

feelings precisely is improved by mastering the use of infinitives and gerunds.

2. Grammatical Proficiency: Accurate grammar and intricate language

structures are enhanced by an understanding of the subtleties of these verb

forms.

3. Expressive Versatility: Learning to use infinitives and gerunds effectively

broadens the range of expression and helps students communicate concepts in a

variety of complex and subtle ways.

1. Problems and Solutions

2. 1. Usage Confusion: Students may find it difficult to discern between the

appropriate usage of gerunds and infinitives.

- Solution: Offer opportunities for practice, lots of examples, and concise

explanations.

2. Overgeneralization: Students might utilize one type excessively more than

the other.

3. - Solution: Promote a variety of applications and strengthen proper

usage via workouts and evaluations.

CONCLUSION

Gerunds and infinitives are essential parts of English grammar that add to the language's expressive flexibility and richness. Teachers can help students learn these verb forms by using a variety of instructional tactics that emphasize clear understanding and practical application. Language proficiency with infinitives and gerunds promotes successful communication and expression in written and spoken contexts in addition to language skills improvement. By using effective and focused teaching strategies, students can gain a firm grasp of infinitives and gerunds, which will help them communicate more effectively and become more proficient in the language.

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