Kirish: topishmoqlar xalq og‘zaki ijodining eng qadimiy janrlaridan biri bo‘lib, badiiy ijod va intellektual sinovni birlashtiradi. ular jamoaviy donolik, til boyligi va madaniy o‘zlikni aks ettiradi. Maqsad: topishmoqlarning stilistik va lingvopoetik asoslarini tahlil qilish, ularning tarixiy rivojlanishini ko‘rsatish va folklor hamda madaniy merosdagi rolini yoritish. Materiallar va metodlar: struktural, semiotik va folkloriy taqqoslash metodlari qo‘llanildi. misollar O‘zbekistonning turli hududlaridan keltirilib, stilistik va hududiy xilma-xillik ko‘rsatildi. Natijalar va muhokama: tadqiqot natijalari topishmoqlarda metafora, metonimiya, parallelizm, antiteza, alliteratsiya va assonans kabi vositalar badiiy ta’sir yaratishini ko‘rsatdi. hududiy an’analar janrni o‘ziga xos madaniy rang-baranglik bilan boyitadi: Xorazm topishmoqlari ramziy obrazlarga, Farg‘ona vodiysi topishmoqlari musiqiylikka, Buxoro-Samarqand topishmoqlari falsafiy chuqurlikka urg‘u beradi. Qoraqalpog‘iston va Surxondaryo topishmoqlari esa qadimiy motivlar va marosim elementlarini saqlab qolgan. Xulosa: topishmoqlar o‘zbek og‘zaki ijodining dinamik janri bo‘lib, stilistik ijodkorlik va madaniy ramziylikni birlashtiradi. ularni o‘rganish folklorning evolyutsiyasini anglashga, ona tili ta’limini qo‘llab-quvvatlashga va milliy madaniy merosni asrashga xizmat qiladi.
Introduction: riddles are one of the oldest genres of oral folk literature, combining artistic creativity with intellectual challenge. they serve as a reflection of collective wisdom, linguistic richness, and cultural identity. Purpose: to analyze the stylistic and linguopoetic foundations of riddles, trace their historical development, and highlight their role in folklore and cultural heritage. Materials and Methods: the study applies structural, semiotic, and comparative folkloristic methods. examples are drawn from different regions of Uzbekistan to illustrate stylistic and regional diversity. Results and Discussion: findings show that riddles employ metaphor, metonymy, parallelism, antithesis, alliteration, and assonance to create artistic effect. regional traditions enrich the genre with unique cultural nuances: Khorezm riddles emphasize symbolic imagery, Fergana Valley riddles highlight musicality, while Bukhara-Samarkand riddles reflect philosophical depth. Karakalpakstan and Surkhandarya riddles preserve archaic motifs and ritual elements. Conclusion: riddles represent a dynamic genre of Uzbek oral art, combining stylistic creativity with cultural symbolism. their study contributes to understanding the evolution of folklore, supports native language education, and strengthens the preservation of national cultural heritage.
ResearcherUz