KIRISH: maqol va iboralar xalq madaniyati va lingvistik merosining muhim qismidir. Ular xalqning dunyoqarashi, hayot tajribasi, axloqiy qadriyatlari va an'analarini aks ettiradi. Qisqa va majoziy iboralar orqali ijtimoiy normalar, axloqiy munosabatlar va jamiyatning madaniy xususiyatlari ifodalanadi. Maqol va iboralarni tipologik va madaniy o'rganish bizga turli xalqlarning dunyoqarashidagi o'xshashliklar va farqlarni aniqlash imkonini beradi. MAQSAD: ushbu tadqiqotning maqsadi maqol va iboralarni tipologik tahlil qilish, shuningdek, ularning milliy an'analar, qadriyatlar va xalqning fikrlash tarzini aks ettiruvchi madaniy xususiyatlarini aniqlashdir. MATERIALLAR VA USULLAR: Tadqiqot materiali turli folklor to'plamlari, lug'atlar va adabiy manbalardan to'plangan maqol va iboralardan iborat edi. Tadqiqotda tipologik tahlil, qiyosiy va qarama-qarshi usullar, lingvomadaniy tahlil va tavsif usullari qo'llanildi. MATERIALLAR VA METODLAR: tadqiqot materiali turli folklor to‘plamlari, lug‘atlar va adabiy manbalardan to‘plangan maqol va matallardan iborat. Tadqiqotda tipologik tahlil, qiyosiy metod, lingvokulturologik tahlil hamda tavsifiy (deskriptiv) metodlardan foydalanilgan. NATIJALAR VA MUHOKAMA: tadqiqot maqol va matallar jamiyatning asosiy qadriyatlarini aks ettirishini aniqladi: mehnatsevarlik, donolik, kattalarga hurmat, do'stlik va halollik. Ushbu maqollarning aksariyati universal xususiyatga ega va turli xalqlar madaniyatlarida uchraydi, garchi ularning lingvistik shakli va tasvirlari farq qilishi mumkin. Tipologik tahlil shuni ko'rsatdiki, madaniy farqlarga qaramay, ko'plab maqollar o'xshash tuzilishga va semantik yo'nalishga ega bo'lib, odamlarning hayotiy e'tiqodlarida umumiylikni namoyish etadi. XULOSA: shunday qilib, maqol va matallar xalqning madaniyati, an'analari va dunyoqarashini o'rganish uchun muhim manba hisoblanadi. Tipologik tahlil bizga xalq donoligining ham umumiy, ham o'ziga xos xususiyatlarini aniqlash imkonini beradi. Olingan natijalar tilshunoslik va madaniyatshunoslikda, shuningdek, tillar va adabiyotni o'qitishda qo'llanilishi mumkin.
INTRODUCTION: proverbs and sayings are an important part of folk culture and linguistic heritage. They reflect the worldview, life experience, moral values, and traditions of a people. Through short and figurative expressions, social norms, moral principles, and cultural characteristics of society are conveyed. The study of proverbs and sayings in a typological and cultural aspect makes it possible to identify similarities and differences in the worldview of different peoples. AIM: the purpose of the research is to conduct a typological analysis of proverbs and sayings, as well as to identify their cultural features that reflect national traditions, values, and the way of thinking of a people. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the research material consists of proverbs and sayings collected from various folklore collections, dictionaries, and literary sources. The study uses methods of typological analysis, comparative method, linguocultural analysis, as well as the descriptive method. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: the study revealed that proverbs and sayings reflect the main values of society: diligence, wisdom, respect for elders, friendship, and honesty. Many of them have a universal character and are found in the cultures of different peoples; however, their linguistic form and imagery may differ. Typological analysis has shown that despite cultural differences, many proverbs have a similar structure and semantic orientation, which indicates the similarity of people's life perceptions. CONCLUSION: thus, proverbs and sayings are an important source for studying the culture, traditions, and worldview of a people. Typological analysis makes it possible to identify both common and specific features of folk wisdom. The obtained results can be used in linguistic and cultural studies, as well as in teaching languages and literature.
ResearcherUz