TURKISTON MA’RIFATPARLARINING ESTETIK QARASHLARI

Kirish: ushbu maqolada Turkiston ma’rifatparvarlarining estetik qarashlari, san’at, go‘zallik, ma’naviyat va axloq haqidagi fikrlari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Jadid mutafakkirlarining estetika haqidagi qarashlari jamiyat taraqqiyoti, milliy uyg‘onish va inson kamoloti bilan bog‘liq holda o‘rganiladi. Ahmad Donish, Abay, To’xtagul, Furqat, Muqimiy, Sattorxon, Behbudiy, Avloniy, Fitrat va Cho‘lpon asarlari asosida estetik g‘oyalar yoritiladi. Maqsad: jadid ziyolilarining estetik qarashlarini tahlil qilish va ularning ijtimoiy taraqqiyot hamda milliy uyg‘onishdagi rolini ko‘rsatish. Materiallar va metodlar: Ahmad Donish, Abay, To‘xtagul, Furqat, Muqimiy, Sattorxon, Behbudiy, Avloniy, Fitrat va Cho‘lpon asarlari tarixiy-adabiy tahlil, taqqoslash va falsafiy izoh metodlari asosida o‘rganildi. Natijalar va muhokama: tadqiqot natijalari jadid estetikasi axloqiy tarbiya, badiiy ijod va milliy uyg‘onishni birlashtirganini ko‘rsatdi. Go‘zallik ma’naviyat va adolat bilan bog‘langan bo‘lib, estetika ma’rifat va ijtimoiy o‘zgarish vositasi sifatida talqin etildi. Xulosa: Turkiston ma’rifatchiligi estetik qarashlari intellektual madaniyatni shakllantirish, milliy o‘zlikni mustahkamlash va ma’naviy-axloqiy rivojlanishni ta’minlashda muhim rol o‘ynagan.

Introduction: this article provides a scholarly analysis of the aesthetic views of the Turkestan Enlightenment, including their concepts of art, beauty, spirituality, and morality. The aesthetic views of Jadid thinkers are examined in the context of social development, national revival, and human perfection. Aesthetic ideas are explored based on the works of Ahmad Donish, Abay, Tokhtagul, Furqat, Mukimiy, Sattorkhan, Behbudiy, Avloniy, Fitrat, and Chulpan. Purpose: to analyze the aesthetic views of Jadid intellectuals and demonstrate their role in shaping social development and national awakening. Materials and Methods: the works of Ahmad Donish, Abay, Tokhtagul, Furqat, Mukimiy, Sattorkhan, Behbudiy, Avloniy, Fitrat, and Chulpan were studied using historical-literary analysis, comparative methodology, and philosophical interpretation. Results and Discussion: the study shows that Jadid aesthetics combined moral education, artistic creativity, and national revival. Their ideas linked beauty with spirituality and justice, making aesthetics a tool for enlightenment and social transformation. Conclusion: the aesthetic views of the Turkestan Enlightenment played a crucial role in shaping intellectual culture, promoting national identity, and fostering moral and spiritual development.